Introduction
When it comes to traditional English cheeses, few are as iconic or beloved as Stilton. Named after a small village in Cambridgeshire, England, Stilton cheese has a rich history that dates back centuries. Known for its distinctive blue veins and strong flavor, Stilton is often referred to as the “King of English Cheeses.” In this article, we’ll explore the fascinating story behind Stilton, its origins, production methods, and why it remains a staple in both English and international cuisine.
The Origins of Stilton Cheese
Stilton Village: The Namesake
Stilton cheese is named after the village of Stilton, a small yet historically significant location. Although Stilton cheese is not produced in Stilton village itself, the name was derived from the fact that the cheese was first sold in the village in the early 18th century. Stilton was a major stop on the Great North Road, the main route between London and Scotland, making it a prime location for trading goods, including cheese.
The Birth of Stilton Cheese
The creation of Stilton cheese is credited to Cooper Thornhill, the owner of the Bell Inn in Stilton, who started selling the cheese in the 1730s. The cheese quickly gained popularity, and it wasn’t long before it became known as Stilton cheese. Interestingly, Stilton was never actually produced in the village of Stilton; instead, it was made in the neighboring counties of Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, and Derbyshire.
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Today, Stilton cheese enjoys Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status, which means that only cheese produced in these three counties can be called Stilton. This designation helps preserve the traditional methods and regional characteristics that make Stilton unique.
The Characteristics of Stilton Cheese
Blue Stilton: The Classic Variety
The most well-known type of Stilton is Blue Stilton, characterized by its rich, creamy texture and blue veins that run throughout the cheese. The blue veins are created by the introduction of Penicillium roqueforti, a type of mold that gives Blue Stilton its distinctive flavor and appearance.
White Stilton: A Lesser-Known Variety
While Blue Stilton is the most famous, White Stilton is also produced. This variety is milder in flavor and does not contain the blue veins. White Stilton is often used as a base for dessert cheeses, with added fruits or spices to create unique flavor combinations.
The Unique Flavor Profile
Stilton cheese is known for its robust and complex flavor. Blue Stilton has a rich, tangy taste with a creamy, crumbly texture, while White Stilton is milder and more subtle. The flavor of Stilton deepens as the cheese ages, making it a favorite among cheese connoisseurs.
The Production Process of Stilton Cheese
Traditional Methods
Stilton cheese is still made using traditional methods that have been passed down through generations. The process begins with high-quality cow’s milk, which is pasteurized and then mixed with rennet to form curds. The curds are then cut, drained, and allowed to mature. The cheese is pierced with needles to introduce air, which encourages the growth of the Penicillium mold that forms the blue veins.
Aging and Maturation
After the cheese is formed, it is aged for several months to develop its full flavor. The aging process is crucial to the development of Stilton’s characteristic taste and texture. Blue Stilton is typically aged for about nine weeks, while White Stilton is aged for a shorter period.
Quality Control
To maintain its PDO status, Stilton cheese must meet strict quality standards. Each wheel of Stilton is carefully inspected to ensure that it has the correct texture, flavor, and appearance. Only those cheeses that meet these criteria are labeled as Stilton.
The Role of Stilton in English Cuisine
A Staple of British Cheese Boards
Stilton cheese is a quintessential part of British cheese boards, often served with crackers, fruit, and a glass of port. Its strong flavor pairs well with a variety of accompaniments, making it a versatile choice for any cheese lover.
Culinary Uses
Beyond the cheese board, Stilton is used in a variety of culinary applications. It can be crumbled into salads, melted into sauces, or even used as a topping for steak. White Stilton, with its milder flavor, is often used in dessert recipes, such as cheesecakes or fruit-filled pastries.
A Global Favorite
While Stilton is firmly rooted in English tradition, its popularity has spread around the world. Today, Stilton is enjoyed by cheese lovers across the globe, who appreciate its unique flavor and rich history.
Conclusion
Stilton cheese, named after the English village where it first gained fame, is more than just a cheese—it’s a symbol of English culinary heritage. With its distinctive blue veins, rich flavor, and centuries-old traditions, Stilton continues to be a beloved choice for cheese enthusiasts everywhere. Whether enjoyed on its own, paired with a glass of port, or used in a variety of dishes, Stilton remains a true classic in the world of cheese.
FAQs
1. Why is Stilton cheese named after a village?
Stilton cheese is named after the village of Stilton in Cambridgeshire, England, where the cheese was first sold in the 18th century. Although the cheese is not made in Stilton, the village played a key role in its popularity.
2. What are the different types of Stilton cheese?
There are two main types of Stilton cheese: Blue Stilton and White Stilton. Blue Stilton is known for its blue veins and strong flavor, while White Stilton is milder and does not contain blue veins.
3. What is the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status of Stilton cheese?
Stilton cheese has PDO status, which means that only cheese made in the counties of Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, and Derbyshire can be called Stilton. This designation ensures that the traditional methods and regional characteristics of Stilton are preserved.
4. How is Stilton cheese traditionally made?
Stilton cheese is made using high-quality cow’s milk, which is pasteurized and mixed with rennet to form curds. The curds are then cut, drained, and allowed to mature. The cheese is pierced with needles to introduce air, which encourages the growth of Penicillium mold and creates the blue veins in Blue Stilton.
5. How should Stilton cheese be served?
Stilton cheese is often served on a cheese board with crackers, fruit, and a glass of port. It can also be used in salads, sauces, and desserts, making it a versatile addition to any meal.